Is there really an alternative to the use of coupled chemistry-climate models? Part 2 Gravity wave forcing Gravity wave forcing (GWF) and the cold pole problem is potentially the most serious issue affecting highly temperature dependent processes such as PSC formation. However, it is not as serious an issue for the Arctic as is implied by the authors. The temperature biases of a range of CCMs are shown in Austin et al. (2003) and the largest cold bias is in the upper stratosphere over the southern winter pole. This reaches 30K in models without a GWF scheme. In the lower stratosphere the zonal average temperature does not necessarily give the whole picture as the biases are somewhat smaller ( ˜5K). Here, tropospheric processes and the ampli...
The response of stratospheric climate and circulation to increasing amounts of greenhouse gases (GHG...
An important source of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs), which play a crucial role in controlling p...
International audienceObservational studies of Arctic stratospheric final warmings have shown that t...
Abstract. In a recent paper Hu et al. (2011) suggest that the recovery of stratospheric ozone during...
John Austin has questioned the use of his own data in Figure 6. Although we do not fully agree with ...
Abstract. Rises in surface air temperature (SAT) in response to increasing concentrations of green-h...
The response of stratospheric climate and circulation to increasing amounts of greenhouse gases (GHG...
The simulation of Arctic cloud cover and the sensitivity of Arctic climate to cloud changes are inve...
The NCEP Climate Forecast System (CFS) shows a good forecast skill for the variability of large-scal...
In recent years a number of chemistry-climate models have been developed with an emphasis on the str...
Using nine chemistry-climate and eight associated no-chemistry models, we investigate the persistenc...
General comments This paper describes the development of parameterisations for pore close-off depth ...
Differences between two ensembles of Goddard Earth Observing System Chemistry-Climate Model simulati...
Interactive comment on “Evaluation of CLaMS, KASIMA and ECHAM5/MESSy1 simulations in the lower strat...
Changes in the Arctic's climate are a result of complex interactions between the cryosphere, atmosph...
The response of stratospheric climate and circulation to increasing amounts of greenhouse gases (GHG...
An important source of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs), which play a crucial role in controlling p...
International audienceObservational studies of Arctic stratospheric final warmings have shown that t...
Abstract. In a recent paper Hu et al. (2011) suggest that the recovery of stratospheric ozone during...
John Austin has questioned the use of his own data in Figure 6. Although we do not fully agree with ...
Abstract. Rises in surface air temperature (SAT) in response to increasing concentrations of green-h...
The response of stratospheric climate and circulation to increasing amounts of greenhouse gases (GHG...
The simulation of Arctic cloud cover and the sensitivity of Arctic climate to cloud changes are inve...
The NCEP Climate Forecast System (CFS) shows a good forecast skill for the variability of large-scal...
In recent years a number of chemistry-climate models have been developed with an emphasis on the str...
Using nine chemistry-climate and eight associated no-chemistry models, we investigate the persistenc...
General comments This paper describes the development of parameterisations for pore close-off depth ...
Differences between two ensembles of Goddard Earth Observing System Chemistry-Climate Model simulati...
Interactive comment on “Evaluation of CLaMS, KASIMA and ECHAM5/MESSy1 simulations in the lower strat...
Changes in the Arctic's climate are a result of complex interactions between the cryosphere, atmosph...
The response of stratospheric climate and circulation to increasing amounts of greenhouse gases (GHG...
An important source of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs), which play a crucial role in controlling p...
International audienceObservational studies of Arctic stratospheric final warmings have shown that t...